Zaruma, officially "Villa del Cerro de Oro de San Antonio de Zaruma", is the cantonal capital of the Zaruma canton, belonging to the province of El Oro, in Ecuador. Its cultural, architectural and natural attributes, as well as its rich history have earned it titles and awards: "City of National Tourist Interest" (1977), "Cultural Heritage of the Ecuadorian State" (1990), "Magical Town of Ecuador" (2019). Since 1998, Zaruma has been on the Unesco's indicative list to be declared Cultural Heritage of Humanity, it is also known as "Sultana de El Oro" (Sultan of El Oro).

It is one of the oldest cities in Ecuador, definitely founded by the Spanish in 1549, at that time it became very important for being a rich gold deposit. It is currently a very important tourist center of Ecuador.